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light fixture
A light fixture (US English), light fitting (UK English), or luminaire is an electrical device used to create artificial light by use of an electric lamp. All light fixtures have a fixture body and a light socket to hold the lamp and allow for its replacement. Fixtures may also have a switch to control the light. Fixtures require an electrical connection to a power source; permanent lighting may be directly wired, and moveable lamps have a plug. Light fixtures may also have other features, such as reflectors for directing the light, an aperture (with or without a lens), an outer shell or housing for lamp alignment and protection, and an electrical ballast or power supply. A wide variety of special light fixtures are created for use in the automotive lighting industry, aerospace, marine and medicine.
Portable light fixtures are often called "lamps", as in table lamp or desk lamp. In technical terminology, the ''lamp'' is the light source, what is typically called the light bulb.
The term ''luminaire'' is recommended by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) for technical use.
==History==
Fixture manufacturing began soon after production of the incandescent light bulb. When practical uses of fluorescent lighting were realized after 1924, the three leading companies to produce various fixtures were Lightolier, Artcraft Fluorescent Lighting Corporation, and Globe Lighting in the United States.〔"Early industry leaders", of fluorescent fixture manufacturing, Paul Levy (1998)〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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